Religion, as a social system, is known to comprise four main subsystems: religious consciousness, religious relations, religious activity, and religious organizations. Religious consciousness represents the interplay between religious utopia and religious psychology. The religious consciousness of communism began to take shape in various forms as early as the emergence of civilized societies, manifesting as protest sentiments among the masses against their alienation from the institutions necessary for human existence in an organized society.Social and economic inequality, the existence of a state detached from the people, large-scale private property, a rigid division of labor, the heavy burden of the tax system, and the prosperous upper classes-endowed with high status, wealth, and proximity to the structures of state administration-all predisposed society to the emergence of ideas about a society in which everyone lives equally well.
